Dr Odedra cities a number of infrastructural reasons for the lack of effective ICT, what are these?
- Lack of programmers that are avaliable in the country so off the self software packages have to be used.
- Lack of secondary equipment, suitable electric power, or training.
- Bad or ineffective public sector management because of the lack or inadequate use of data.
- The applications of computers in Africa have so far been mainly the result of isolated initiatives without any preconceived strategies or plans.
- The lack of long-term business plans in many organizations results in systems being purchased but not used properly. Managers need to understand that planning is essential before, not after, hardware and software is bought. At present, the most pressing need in Africa is not new systems, but rather the know-how to effectively use what is already there.
- Africa lacks computer skills in all areas, including systems analysis, programming, maintenance and consulting, and at all operational levels from basic use to management. Most countries lack the education and training facilities needed to help people acquire the proper skills.
Most pressing need for africa (ICT):
- The most pressing need in Africa is not new systems, but rather the know-how to effectively use what is already there.
How successful have computer aid projects been and how have they failed?
- However, although the number of computers has increased rapidly in some places, the process of computerization has not been as successful as it should be in a majority of these countries. There is extensive under-utilization of equipment and major computer-based projects have failed (Odedra, 1990a). Examples abound of systems that are simply not used because of the lack of secondary equipment, suitable electric power, or training
What computor and business skills are identified as lacking?:
- programmers to develop in-house applications
- secondary equipment
- education and training facilities needed to help people acquire the proper skills
- the knowledge about local organizational cultures and thus design poor systems
- long-term business plans in many organizations results in systems being purchased but not used properly
- lack or inadequate use of data
- skills in the area
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